Prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing worldwide principally among the elderly population many of whom will eventually need renal replacement therapy.The relationship between frailty and CKD in the elderly population has been recognized.However, studies concentrating on frailty in pre-dialysis patients are limited.CKD predisposes
BACKGROUND:Cigarette smoking is reported to decrease survival and induce chemotherapy resistance in patients with various cancers.However, the impact of cigarette smoking on patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unknown.METHODS:A total of 1,084 ESCC patients were retrospectively enrolled from a southern Chinese institution
In order to improve the glossiness of acid etched wafer and achieve stable mass production, by optimizing process of producing silicon wafer, rotate and grind the wafer to be double-sided grinding wafer, then acid etch the wafer.The glossiness of acid Ceiling Fan etched wafer reached more than 360 Gu (re fl ectivity greater than 98%) and the servic